A projectors Aspect Ratio is a ratio of an images width vs its height, it essentially defines the shape of the image. Until the mid-late 2000's the most commonly found Projector Aspect Ratio was 4:3. An image with a 4:3 aspect ratio appears ‘almost square’ in shape. The most regularly found aspect ratio in a modern projector today is 16:9, this is the same aspect ratio of most televisions and streaming shows. Many data projectors use a 16:10 aspect ratio, this ratio is very similar to 16:9 although the image features slightly more height that can be useful for business presentations.
Well known home theatre resolutions such as HD, FULL HD, 4K, and 8K, are all 16:9 Aspect Ratio resolutions.